What is a statement made by the author that can be argued or supported called?

A statement made by the author that can be argued or supported is referred to as a claim. In literary analysis and critical writing, a claim presents a viewpoint or assertion that is open to interpretation and debate, meaning it can be supported with evidence or reasoning. For instance, when analyzing a text, one might argue that a character symbolizes hope, which is a claim that can be substantiated with examples from the narrative.

In contrast, a counterclaim is an opposing argument made against a previously stated claim, while a theme refers to the central idea or underlying message of a literary work. Tone encompasses the author's attitude toward the subject or audience, conveyed through word choice and style. Each of these terms has its distinct role in literary discourse, but a claim specifically focuses on a statement that invites discussion and defense.